Ndi ceramic yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbale za bulletproof

③Zadothi zadothi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri

Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 2100, zida zopangira zipolopolo zapangidwa mofulumira, ndipo pali mitundu yambiri, kuphatikizapo alumina, silicon carbide, boron carbide, silicon nitride, titanium boride, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zitsulo za alumina (Al₂O₃), silicon carbide ceramics (SiC), boron carbide ceramics (B4C) ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Aluminiya ceramics ali ndi kachulukidwe kwambiri, koma kuuma ndi otsika, polowera processing ndi otsika, mtengo ndi otsika, malinga ndi chiyero anawagawa 85/90/95/95/99 alumina zadothi, kuuma lolingana ndi mtengo nawonso kuchuluka. panthawi yake.

Kuyerekeza kwazinthu zama ceramics osiyanasiyana oteteza zipolopolo

Silicon carbide ceramic kachulukidwe ndizochepa, zolimba kwambiri, ndizopangira zopangira zotsika mtengo, kotero ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zipolopolo zadothi ku China.

Boron carbide ceramics ali ndi kachulukidwe otsika kwambiri komanso kuuma kwambiri pakati pa zoumbazi, koma nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimafunikira pakukonza ukadaulo ndizokwera kwambiri, zomwe zimafunikira kutentha kwambiri komanso kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono, kotero mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba kwambiri pakati pazida zitatuzi.

Poyerekeza ndi zinthu zitatu izi wamba zipolopolo ceramic zipangizo, alumina zipolopolo zadothi ndi mtengo wotsika, koma ntchito zipolopolo ndi wocheperapo kuposa silicon carbide ndi boron carbide, kotero panopa mayunitsi zoweta za m'nyumba kupanga bulletproof ceramics mu silicon carbide ndi boron carbide bulletproof, pamene aluminiyamu zadothi ndi osowa.Komabe, aluminiyamu imodzi ya kristalo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonzekera zoumba zowonekera, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati zida zowonekera ndi ntchito zowunikira, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zankhondo monga masks oteteza zipolopolo za msilikali aliyense, Windows yozindikira mizinga, Windows yowonera magalimoto, ndi ma periscopes apamadzi.

④Ziwiri mwa zida za ceramic zodziwika bwino za bulletproof

Silicon carbide bulletproof ceramics

Chomangira cha silicon carbide covalent ndi champhamvu kwambiri ndipo chimakhalabe ndi mphamvu zambiri zomangira kutentha kwambiri.Mapangidwe awa amapatsa silicon carbide ceramics mphamvu zabwino kwambiri, kuuma kwakukulu, kukana kuvala, kukana dzimbiri, kukhathamiritsa kwakukulu kwamafuta, kukana kwamphamvu kwamafuta ndi zinthu zina.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mtengo wa silicon carbide ceramic ndi wochepetsetsa, wotsika mtengo, ndi imodzi mwazinthu zotetezera zida zankhondo zodalirika kwambiri.

Ma silicon carbide ceramics ali ndi malo okulirapo otukuka pankhani yachitetezo cha zida, ndipo ntchito zawo pazida zamtundu uliwonse ndi magalimoto apadera amakhala osiyanasiyana.Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zodzitchinjiriza, poganizira za mtengo ndi zochitika zapadera zogwiritsira ntchito ndi zinthu zina, nthawi zambiri zimakhala kagawo kakang'ono ka mapanelo a ceramic ndi gulu lakumbuyo lakumbuyo lomwe limalumikizidwa mu mbale ya ceramic yophatikizika chandamale, kuthana ndi kulephera kwa zoumba chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwamphamvu, ndi kuwonetsetsa kuti kulowa kwa projectile kumangophwanya chidutswa chimodzi popanda kuwononga zida zonse.

Zida za ceramic za Boron carbide bulletproof

Boron carbide ndi kuuma kwa zida zodziwika pambuyo pa diamondi ndi cubic boron nitride superhard material, kuuma mpaka 3000kg/mm²;Kachulukidwe ndi otsika, kokha 2.52g/cm³, amene ndi 1/3 zitsulo;High zotanuka modulus, 450GPa;Malo osungunuka kwambiri, pafupifupi 2447 ℃;Coefficient yowonjezera kutentha ndi yotsika ndipo kutentha kwa matenthedwe kumakhala kwakukulu.Komanso, boron carbide ali wabwino mankhwala bata, asidi ndi zamchere dzimbiri kukana, firiji si anachita ndi asidi ndi m`munsi ndi zambiri inorganic pawiri zamadzimadzi, kokha mu hydrofluoric acid-sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric asidi-nitric asidi madzi osakaniza ali pang`onopang`ono dzimbiri. ;Ndipo zitsulo zambiri zosungunuka sizinyowetsa, sizichitapo kanthu.Boron carbide imakhalanso ndi luso lotha kuyamwa ma neutroni, omwe sapezeka muzinthu zina za ceramic.B4C ili ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kwambiri ka zida zankhondo zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, kuphatikiza ndi modulus yamphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala chisankho chabwino pazinthu zankhondo zankhondo ndi malo amlengalenga.Vuto lalikulu la B4C ndilokwera mtengo (pafupifupi nthawi 10 kuposa alumina) ndi brittle, zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake ngati zida zodzitetezera za gawo limodzi.

⑤Njira yokonzekera zoumba zotchingira zipolopolo.

Kukwezedwa kwa ceramics ya bulletproof

Ngakhale kuthekera kwa zipolopolo kwa silicon carbide ndi boron carbide ndikwambiri, vuto la kulimba kwa fracture ndi kusakhazikika bwino kwa zoumba zagawo limodzi silinganyalanyazidwe.Kukula kwa sayansi yamakono ndi luso lamakono laika patsogolo zofunikira za ntchito ndi chuma cha zoumba za bulletproof: multifunction, high performance, lightweight, low cost ndi chitetezo.Chifukwa chake, m'zaka zaposachedwa, akatswiri ndi akatswiri akuyembekeza kukwaniritsa kulimbikitsa, kupepuka komanso zachuma pazida zadothi kudzera pakusintha kwapang'onopang'ono, kuphatikiza magawo angapo a ceramic system composite, magwiridwe antchito a ceramic zoumba, masanjidwe kamangidwe, etc., ndipo zida zotere ndizopepuka. kulemera poyerekeza ndi zida zamasiku ano, ndikuwongolera bwino magwiridwe antchito amagulu omenyera nkhondo.

Ma Ceramics ogwira ntchito amawonetsa kusintha kwanthawi zonse pazinthu zakuthupi kudzera mu kapangidwe ka microcosmic.Mwachitsanzo, titaniyamu boride ndi titaniyamu zitsulo ndi aluminium okusayidi, silicon carbide, boron carbide, silicon nitride ndi zitsulo zotayidwa ndi zitsulo / ceramic gulu gulu, ntchito ya gradient kusintha pamodzi makulidwe udindo, ndiko, kukonzekera kuuma mkulu. kusintha kwa zoumba za ceramic zolimba kwambiri.

Nanometer multiphase ceramics amapangidwa ndi submicron kapena nanometer kubalalitsidwa particles anawonjezera masanjidwewo zadothi.Monga SiC-Si3N4-Al2O3, B4C-SiC, etc., kuuma, kulimba ndi mphamvu za ceramic zimakhala ndi kusintha kwina.Akuti mayiko a Kumadzulo akuphunzira sintering wa nano-ang'ono ufa kukonzekera zoumba ndi kukula kwambewu makumi nanometers kukwaniritsa mphamvu zakuthupi ndi toughness, ndi zipolopolo zadothi akuyembekezeka kukwaniritsa yopambana kwambiri pankhaniyi.

Chidule mwachidule

Kaya ndi zoumba zagawo limodzi kapena zoumba zamitundu yambiri, zida za ceramic zabwino kwambiri zoteteza zipolopolo kapena zosasiyanitsidwa ndi silicon carbide, boron carbide zida ziwirizi.Makamaka pazinthu za boron carbide, ndi chitukuko cha teknoloji ya sintering, zinthu zabwino kwambiri za boron carbide ceramics zikuchulukirachulukira, ndipo ntchito zawo pamunda wa bulletproof zidzapititsidwa patsogolo.